Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge

Set aside by President Roosevelt in 1938 as a haven for migratory birds, this thin spit of land between the Atlantic Ocean and the Back Bay offers some of the best birdwatching on the Eastern Seaboard. The 9,108 acres of the Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge contains barrier islands, dunes, coastal woodland, freshwater marshes, maritime forests, ponds and sandy beaches — all essential habitat for the 300 different species that make the refuge home. 

While wildlife watchers have plenty to see year-round, the refuge is a birdwatcher’s paradise in the fall and winter, when migrating flocks of duck, goose and swan species stop here to rest and feed before their long journey south.

Within the refuge, there are seven hiking trails to explore, along with access to pristine, uncrowded beaches. Due to the area’s protected status, swimming and sunbathing are prohibited — but it’s an absolute treasure trove for wildlife photographers and shoreline strollers.

Hikers, take note: To protect seabird nesting and resting areas, the refuge’s two longest hikes, the East and West Dike trails, are closed from November 1–March 31. Raptor, Kuralt, Seaside and Dune Trails remain open year-round, as does the beach.

Educational tram tours run from April 1–October 31. Birding enthusiasts should check the calendar of Ranger-Led Programs for special seasonal programming.